| 摘要 |
<p>The water desalination plant for the production of fresh water from sea water, brackish water or salty ground water, comprises a condenser (5) directly arranged below a disk shaped evaporator (4), a saltwater tank arranged below a collector, and a solar collector (2) having a flat external container with a transparent upper surface, that is placed under a predetermined angle for middle sunset, and a flat internal container out of heat conducting metal, which is insulated heat against the external container. The internal container is arranged with a black heat conducting cover. The water desalination plant for the production of fresh water from sea water, brackish water or salty ground water, comprises a condenser (5) directly arranged below a disk shaped evaporator (4), a saltwater tank arranged below a collector, and a solar collector (2) having a flat external container with a transparent upper surface, that is placed under a predetermined angle for middle sunset, and a flat internal container out of heat conducting metal, which is insulated heat against the external container. The internal container is arranged with a black heat conducting cover. The salt water with low pressure in the evaporator is evaporated in a thin layer by solar energy and condenses at the condenser. The upper surface of the solar collector has a high translucence and a slight reflection factor. The inner area of the external container shows vacuum. The evaporator is constructed similarly to the solar collector with internal- and external containers. The surface of the internal container functions as the evaporator surface and warm collector. The internal containers of the solar collector and the evaporator are connected together with a warm carrier unit by a closed circulation. The warmth carrier unit rotates by convection or a pump, which is furnished by photovoltaic cell with stream. The condenser and the evaporator are connected together by a connection hole. The low pressure in the evaporator is produced at the condenser by a suction pump (9). The salt water is supplied at the upper end of the evaporator surface by a slit nozzle (6), so that the salt water runs over the evaporator surface. The width of the slit of the nozzle is adjusted and the quality of the water to be evaporated depends upon the temperature of the warm carrier unit. The slit nozzle consists of a stationary slit tube and a rotatable slit tube, whose rotating angle is determined by a sensor at the conveyance of the warm carrier unit. The condenser is formed as heat exchanger, which withdraws warmth from the steam and condenses the warmth into fresh water. The condensed water in the condenser is collected up to a predetermined height and the additional water is passed up from the condenser. The salt water is heated by the heat exchanger. The heated saltwater is collected in a preheating tank and is supplied to the evaporator. The warmth of the non-evaporated water from the evaporator surface is supplied to the preheating tank by the heat exchanger. The solar collector and the evaporator have similar dimensions and are arranged side by side. The preheating tank is fixed diagonally over the solar collector and has a black surface, which receives solar energy and further heats the salt water by using the energy. The evaporator is fixed below a predetermination angle for the middle sunset. The steam produced in the evaporator is used as an energy source for operating a motor, which is used to drive the suction pump. The energy for the production of the vacuum is produced by photovoltaic. An independent claim is included for a procedure for the production of fresh water from seawater, brackish water or salty ground water.</p> |
