<p>It is possible to provide a surface emitting laser capable of selectively obtaining laser oscillation based on a basic mode, which enables emission of a laser light of single wavelength. A surface emitting laser including an active layer and a 2-dimensional photonic crystal provided at one side of the active layer has a reflection unit (45 or 46) arranged at least at a part of surrounding of the 2-dimensional photonic crystal. The reflection unit (45 or 46) has a reflection ratio distribution having a maximum value at a position where the envelope of the amplitude of the basic mode of the inner resonance light formed in the 2-dimensional photonic crystal has a maximum value. Thus, it is possible to strengthen the basic mode and suppress the secondary mode. Accordingly, it is possible to selectively obtain laser oscillation by the basic mode and emit a laser light of single wavelength.</p>
