| 摘要 |
<p>Adiponitrile is made by heating a mixture comprising (a) acrylonitrile, (b) a metal carbonyl or a derivative thereof (as hereinafter defined), (c) hydrogen, or water, or water and a Lewis base, or hydrogen and water, or hydrogen and water and a Lewis base, and (d) a polymerization inhibitor. The reactant (c), if it is not hydrogen, causes the release of hydrogen under the reaction conditions. Suitable Lewis base are metal hydroxides, oxides such as magnesia and alumina, alkaline salts, amines and derivatives thereof, phosphines, arsines and stibines. The preferred metal carbonyls are those of the transition metals, particularly iron pentacarbonyl and dicobalt octacarbonyl. The term metal carbonyl derivatives denotes the compounds in which the CO group is directly bonded to the metal and the metal is also covalently linked to one or more residues of other organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. triethylammonium undecacarbonyl triferrate, metal carbonyl hydrides and the compounds obtained by reacting a carbonyl with acrylonitrile or an olefin or acetylene. A hydrogenation inhibitor, e.g. quinoline, may be included in the reaction mixture. Suitable reaction temperatures lie in the range 20-200 DEG C. Numerous examples are provided.</p> |
