| 摘要 |
The invention thus provides crude oils and products which have been produced therefrom and comprise distillation residues, comprising at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin having a repeat structural unit of the formula where R<SUP>1 </SUP>is a branched alkyl or alkenyl radical which has from 10 to 40 carbon atoms and bears at least one carboxyl, carboxylate and/or ester group, R<SUP>2 </SUP>is hydrogen or R<SUP>1 </SUP> R<SUP>3 </SUP>is hydrogen or an alkoxy group of the formula <?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>-(A-O)<SUB>m</SUB>-H,<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?> A is a C<SUB>2</SUB>- to C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkylene group, m is from 1 to 100, R<SUP>4 </SUP>is hydrogen, a C<SUB>1</SUB>- to C<SUB>11</SUB>-alkyl radical or a carboxyl group, R<SUP>5 </SUP>is C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>200</SUB>-alkyl or -alkenyl, O-R<SUP>6 </SUP>or O-C(O)-R<SUP>6</SUP>, R<SUP>6 </SUP>is C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>200</SUB>-alkyl or -alkenyl, n is from 1 to 100 and k is 1 or 2, the use of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resin for splitting emulsions of water and crude oils or products derived therefrom, the use of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resin for improving the cold flowability of crude oils and products derived therefrom, and the use of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resin as an asphaltene dispersant in crude oils and products derived therefrom.
|
