Control systems

摘要

947,053. Automatic speed control. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. April 7, 1960 [April 27, 1959], No. 12456/60. Heading G3R. [Also in Division H3] A speed control arrangement for magnetic tape apparatus comprises a pick-up 34 associated with a tone wheel 32 for detecting the speed of head-wheel 20 and the position of the heads thereon, the control signals from the tone wheel being applied to an amplifier and shaper circuit 50 providing sharp pulses for each tone wheel pulse. The pulses from the circuit 50 are applied to a velocity detector system 56 including a monostable multivibrator 58 having triodes 70, 72, interconnected so that their states of conduction are reversed upon application of a control signal, and returning to their normal state after a predetermined period. The square wave output signal from the multivibrator 58 is applied to a trapezoidal wave generator 60, this multivibrator triggering another multivibrator 62 acting as a variable delay circuit supplying a square wave signal to shaper- and-amplifier circuit 64. A phase detector 66 receives signals from the generator 60 and amplifier 64, and provides an error signal indicating the voltage level of the trapezoidal wave at the time of occurrence of the pulse from the amplifier 64. The square wave from the plate of triode 72 is transmitted through cathode follower 74, a diode 92 conducting when the cathode follower is cut off. A capacitor 84 provides a trapezoidal wave having a steep leading edge and gradually sloping trailing edge, the capacitor being charged through resistor 86 and discharged through diode 88 and resistor 90. The triggering signals for the multivibrator 62 are derived from the grid of the triode 72, the amplifier 64 providing a short pulse occurring at the midpoint of the trapezoidal wave when the control pulse from the amplifier 50 occurs at the correct instant. The phase detector 66 provides a D. C. voltage whose polarity and magnitude indicate deviations of the speed of the head-wheel from a desired value. The output of the generator 60 is also applied to a phase detector 110 associated with reference signal generator 112 to produce error signals indicating the instantaneous positions of the heads. The error signals from the detectors 66, 110, are applied to an adder circuit 116, the combined signal being supplied to a control circuit 120 which amplitude modulates signals from oscillator 122. The modulated signals are applied to an A. C. amplifier and phase splitter 124 whose output controls motor 30 through amplifier 126. The motor 30 may be of the two-phase synchronous type operating below synchronous speed, or an electromagnetic brake may be used to control the speed of the motor. The error voltage from the adder circuit 116 may control the frequency of an oscillator providing power for driving a motor, employed in connection with a capstan speed control system 46. A low pass filter circuit 130 is connected between the phase detector 110 and multivibrator 62 to compensate for drift in reference frequency.