| 摘要 |
The invention comprises linear fibre-forming modified poly-e -caprolactams having up to 135 milligram equivalents of end groups, up to 20 of which are primary amino, the remainder being carboxyl, the logarithm of the Brabender melt viscosity of the polycaprolactam being not more than 1.017 + 6 x 10-5 M, where M is the number average M.W. and is at least 15,000. It may be produced by heating at 240-290 DEG C. a molten mixture of e -caprolactam and 0.1-0.7 mole per cent of a C6- 20 dicarboxylic acid and stirring the mixture whilst its surface is swept with an inert gas at a flow rate of at least twice the volume of the mixture per hr. Alternatively the mixture may be heated under reduced pressure or solid state polymerization may be effected. A copolyamide may be produced. Dicarboxylic acids specified are aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic non-volatile acids which may contain substituent groups. They include sebacic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, adipic, undecanedioic, dodecanedioic, tridecanedioic, tetradecanedioic, terephthalic, bibenzoic, phthalic and naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acids. The use of acetic, succinic and glutaric acids is also disclosed. The acids may be replaced by their mono- or diesters or anhydrides. The polymerization may be batch-wise or continuous and may be catalysed by the presence of water. Additives, optionally as concentrates in the monomer or polyamide may be introduced at any stage of the polymerization. If corrosive, they may be added at the centre of the polymerization mixture by means of a non-corroding tube and then dispersed outward. Additives specified are flame retardants, e.g. Sb, P and halogen compounds, TiO2 as a delustrant, antistatic agents, adhesion promoting compounds, e.g. isocyanates and epoxides, heat and light stabilizers, e.g. ionic reducing compounds, ionic compounds of manganese, copper and tin, phosphites, alkylated aromatic amines, and ketone/aromatic amine condensates, pigments, e.g. 2, 9-dimethylquinacridone and inorganic pigments, fluorescent agents, brighteners, cross-linking agents, bacteriocides, e.g. phenol and quaternary amines, colloidal reinforcing particles, antisoiling agents, and other polymers, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate. In typical Example (1) the reaction is carried out initially under a superatmospheric steam pressure which is later reduced to atmospheric pressure and then replaced by a current of nitrogen.
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