2-SUBSTITUTED INDOLES, THEIR PRECURSORS AND NOVEL PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

摘要

Disclosed are processes for the preparation of 2-substituted indole compounds wherein the 2-substituent comprises an R₄ group, wherein R₄ is selected from the group consisting of monocyclic aromatic, polycyclic aromatic, monocyclic heteroaromatic, polycyclic heteroaromatic, 1° alkyl, and alkenyl, all of which are optionally substituted at one or more substitutable positions with one or more suitable substituents, and wherein R₄ is bonded to the 2-position of the indole ring via a C-C bond; the process comprising reacting an orthogem-dihalovinylaniline compound of the formula (I): wherein Halo comprises Br, Cl, or I; each of the one or more R₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of H, fluoro, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, aryloxy, lower haloalkyl, lower alkenyl, -C(O)O-lower alkyl, monocyclic or polycyclic aryl or heteroaryl moiety, or R₁ is an alkenyl group bonded so to as to form a 4- to 20-membered fused monocycle or polycyclic ring with the indole ring; all of which are optionally substituted with one or more suitable substituents at one or more substitutable positions; R₂ comprises H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-loweralkyl-, or heteroaryl-loweralkyl-, all of which are optionally substituted at one or more substitutable positions with one or more suitable substituents; R₃ comprises H, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl-(C_1-6)alkyl-, or heteroaryl-loweralkyl-, all of which are optionally substituted at one or more substitutable positions with one or more suitable substituents; with an organoboron reagent selected from the group consisting of a boronic ester of R₄, a boronic acid of R₄, a boronic acid anhydride of R₄, a trialkylborane of R₄ and a 9-BBN derivative of R₄; in the presence of a base, a palladium metal pre-catalyst and a ligand under reaction conditions effective to form the 2-substituted indole compound. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of ortho-gem-dihalovinylaniline compounds. Novel compounds prepared by the processes and novel uses of the compounds are likewise disclosed.