| 摘要 |
An apparatus based on composite right-handed or left-handed (CRLH) principles to provide a transmission line or antenna structure having a plurality of cells to which one or more feed ports are attached. The apparatus is based on an equivalent circuit Right-Hand (RH) series induction (L<SUB>R</SUB>) and shunt capacitor (C<SUB>R</SUB>), and Left-Hand (LH) series capacitor (C<SUB>L</SUB>) and induction (L<SUB>L</SUB>), in which effective permittivity (e) and permeability (m) of the structure are manipulated by the choice of C<SUB>R</SUB>, L<SUB>R</SUB>, C<SUB>L</SUB>, and L<SUB>L</SUB>. One embodiment describes mushroom antenna cells (1D or 2D array) in which vias extend up from a feed network on a ground plane through at least one dielectric region to each of a first plurality of conductive elements (plates or strips). Optionally, a second plurality of conductive elements are disposed between first and second dielectric layers to form metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors to lower resonance frequency.
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