| 摘要 |
1,205,501. Olefinic nitriles. MONSANTO CO. 5 March, 1968 [16 March, 1967], No. 10542/68. Heading C2C. A process for preparing an olefinic nitrile comprises catalytically dehydrating a liquid hydroxylated paraffinic nitrile, combining steam with the dehydration reaction effluent, and flash-distilling the resulting mixture to produce a vapour phase rich in olefinic nitrile and a liquid phase rich in unreacted hydroxylated paraffinic nitrile. The dehydration catalyst is preferably a water-soluble inorganic alkaline compound, such as sodium hydroxide, or a quaternary C 1 -C 8 alkyl ammonium hydroxide. Sufficient steam may be used to form an azeotropic mixture with the olefinic nitrile in the effluent. Examples prepare acrylonitrile from 3-hydroxypropionitrile. |
