| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charging member, a charging device, an untransferred residue toner charging device, and a transfer device that can suppress a defect in charging of an image bearing member. SOLUTION: The charging member is constituted by laminating a conductive nonwoven fabric layer made of an aggregate of conductive fiber and an insulating nonwoven fabric layer made of an aggregate of insulating fiber on a conductive base in order. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
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