| 摘要 |
A process for sulphonating organic compounds comprises introducing the organic compound and gaseous sulphur trioxide into a reaction zone defined by a supporting and confining heat exchange surface, forming a thin flowing liquid film of organic compound on the heat exchange surface in the reaction zone, contacting the flowing liquid film with gaseous sulphur trioxide, removing at least a portion of the heat of the resulting exothermic reaction by heat transfer through the heat exchange surface to maintain a reaction temperature in the range 32 DEG F. to 250 DEG F., maintaining in the reaction zone a subatmospheric pressure such that the partial pressure of sulphur trioxide is in the range 1 mm. Hg to 500 mm. Hg and recovering the reaction product. Preferred organic compounds are alkyl aryl hydrocarbons, higher olefines, higher fatty alcohols, condensation products of higher fatty alcohols and ethylene oxide and of alkyl phenols and ethylene oxide and higher fatty acids. In examples tetrapropylene benzene and 1-hexadecene are used. Undiluted sulphur trioxide is preferred but the diluted gas may be used. The apparatus used comprises a reaction chamber 12, means for introducing gaseous sulphur trioxide into the reaction chamber in the form of gas inlet pipe 32, an organic liquid supply chamber 28, film <PICT:1111208/C2/1> forming means, which is the annular channel 34, in liquid connection with the organic liquid supply chamber to supply organic liquid to the reaction chamber in the form of a thin film flowing along the wall of the reaction chamber, cooling means for the wall of the reaction chamber, connection means 42 for providing the reaction chamber with subatmospheric pressure whereby the partial pressure of the gaseous sulphur trioxide is in the range 1-500 mm. Hg and means 36 for separating the resultant reaction product from the reaction mixture. |
