| 摘要 |
A liquid crystal based polarimetric system, a process for the calibration of this polarimetric system, and a polarimetric measurement process intended for measuring the representative parameters of a sample in which the polarimetric system contains an excitation section emitting a light beam that passes through a polarization state generator (PSG) and onto a sample. After reflection or transmission by the sample, the beam goes through an analysis section with a polarization state detector (PSD). The PSG and PSD each have a first and a second liquid crystal elements LC<SUB>j </SUB>(j=1,2) having, for each LC<SUB>j </SUB>element of the PSG (respectively for each LC<SUB>j </SUB>element of the PSD), an extraordinary axis making an angle theta<SUB>j </SUB>(resp. theta'<SUB>j</SUB>) with respect to the polarization direction (i), and a retardation delta<SUB>j </SUB>(resp (delta'<SUB>j</SUB>) between its ordinary and extraordinary axes, the liquid crystals LC<SUB>j </SUB>elements being positioned in reverse order in the PSD with respect to the LC<SUB>j </SUB>elements of the PSG.
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