NANOSCALE SILICON PARTICLES

摘要

Nanoscale silicon particles that have a BET specific surface area in the range of 100 to 800 m2/g, that consist of an essentially round, mostly unfacetted crystalline Si core surrounded by an amorphous shell, the amorphous shell comprising silica and hydrogen-terminated silicon atoms and have a paramagnetic defect density in the range of 1013 to 1017 1/mg. Essentially hydrogen terminated, nanoscale silicon particles having a paramagnetic defect density in the range of 10¹² to 10¹⁶ 1/mg obtained by treating the nanoscale silicon particles with hydrofluoric acid. Essentially alkyl terminated nanoscale silicon particles having a paramagnetic defect density in the range of 3xl0¹² to 3xl0¹⁶ 1/mg obtained by treating the essentially hydrogen terminated, nanoscale silicon particles with one or more compounds selected from the group of 1-alkenes and/or 1-alkynes. Partially alkyl terminated nanoscale silicon particles having a paramagnetic paramagnetic defect density in the range of 3xl0¹² to 3xl0¹⁶ 1/mg obtained by treating the nanoscale silicon particles with one or more compounds selected from the group of 1-alkenes and/or 1-alkynes.