Nanoscale silicon particles

摘要

Nanoscale silicon particles that have a BET specific surface area in the range of 100 to 800 m 2 /g, that consist of an essentially round, mostly unfacetted crystalline Si core surrounded by an amorphous shell, the amorphous shell comprising silica and hydrogen-terminated silicon atoms and have a paramagnetic defect density in the range of 10 13 to 10 17 1/mg. Essentially hydrogen terminated, nanoscale silicon particles having a paramagnetic defect density in the range of 10 12 to 10 16 1/mg obtained by treating the nanoscale silicon particles with hydrofluoric acid. Essentially alkyl terminated nanoscale silicon particles having a paramagnetic defect density in the range of 3x10 12 to 3x10 16 1/mg obtained by treating the essentially hydrogen terminated, nanoscale silicon particles with one or more compounds selected from the group of 1-alkenes and/or 1-alkynes. Partially alkyl terminated nanoscale silicon particles having a paramagnetic paramagnetic defect density in the range of 3x10 12 to 3x10 16 1/mg obtained by treating the nanoscale silicon particles with one or more compounds selected from the group of 1-alkenes and/or 1-alkynes.