| 摘要 |
The reaction product of an aldehyde and a monomeric compound containing not less than two amino or amido groupings, each with at least one hydrogen attached to nitrogen (e.g. urea, thiourea, melamine, methyl urea, diethylmelamine, guanidine, dicyandiamide, guanyl urea, biguanide, polyamides of polycarboxylic acids, proteins (see Group IV (b) and guanylmelamine) is plasticized with either (1) a linear polymer from 1 mol. of e -caprolactam and not less than 1 mol. of RNH2 (where R is H, alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl) or (2) an aldehyde reaction product of the linear polymer, or a mixture of (1) and (2). Compounds mentioned with the formula RNH2 are ammonia, n-butylamine, n-decylamine, dihexylamine, dioctylamine, ethanolamine, isopropanolamine, diethanolamine, di-n-butanolamine. A list is also given of the alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals which R may represent. Aldehydes which may be used to react with the monomer or the polymer above are formaldehyde or compounds engendering it, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, acrolein, methacrolein, crotonaldehyde, octaldehyde, benzaldehyde, furfural, or mixtures of formaldehyde with the other aldehydes. The preferred polymers are non-fibre-forming solids of molecular weight 300-1400. The initial mixture may be fractionated to separate suitable compounds which are normally soluble in water or alcohol. The polymers may be added to the mixture of aldehyde and nitrogen-containing monomer, or initial condensate thereof, or may first be reacted with aldehyde and then mixed with the initial aldehyde-nitrogen - containing monomer condensation product, or may be reacted with excess aldehyde and the nitrogen-containing monomer then added later. Fillers, e.g. a -cellulose, asbestos, mica or wood flour; mould lubricants, e.g. zinc stearate, dyes, pigments, opacifiers and curing catalysts may be incorporated. Curing catalysts mentioned are phthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, ammonium chloride, oxalic acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, diammonium phthalate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, diammonium ethyl phosphate, ammonium silicofluoride, melamine fluosilicate, melamine fluoborate, melamine pyrophosphate, chloracetamide or succinic acid. The products may be used in moulding, impregnating, coating, laminating, or casting, or as adhesives, and are particularly suitable for making laminated materials capable of being post-formed. In examples 1-4 a polymer from e -caprolactam and ammonia was reacted with formaldehyde. In example 5 a polymer from caprolactam and monoethanolamine was reacted with formaldehyde. In example 6, the product of example 5 was mixed with a melamine-formaldehyde resin, a -cellulose and zinc stearate, blended on hot rolls, and ground to form a moulding powder. Examples 7-9 are similar but use the polymer from caprolactam and monoethanolamine without prior treatment with formaldehyde. Example 10 is similar to example 6 but uses a polymer from caprolactam and ammonia. Example 11 is similar to example 6 but replaces part or all of the melamine-formaldehyde resin by a urea-formaldehyde one. In example 12 a polymer from caprolactam and ammonia is added to a melamine-formaldehyde partial condensate to yield a liquid laminating composition, also suitable for moulding. Example 13 relates to addition of the resins to paper pulp (see Group VIII). In example 14 a polymer from caprolactam and ammonia was reacted with formaldehyde. Melamine was added to yield a hydrophobic syrup which after acidification and ageing was suitable for addition to paper pulp. Examples 14-16 describe the use of an aqueous alcoholic solution of a polymer modified melamine-formaldehyde resin for making a laminate of canvas duck. The product could be formed after lamination. Example 17 is similar with paper sheets as the basis of the laminate (see Group VIII). Glass cloth, and fabrics of silk, wool, cotton, rayon or a variety of synthetic fibrous materials may also be laminated. Specification 651,338 is referred to.ALSO:Protein-aldehyde resins (e.g. casein-formaldehyde) resins are modified by incorporation of either (1) a linear polymer from 1 mol. of e -caprolactam and not less than 1 mol. of RNH2 (when R=H, alkyl, or monohydroxyalkyl); or (2) an aldehyde reaction product thereof, or a mixture of (1) and (2) (see also Group IV (a)). |
