Dehydrogenation process

摘要

Unsaturated organic compounds are obtained by the vapour phase reaction at 400-850 DEG C. of a dehydrogenatable compound containing a CH-CH grouping and 2-20 carbon atoms, with at least about one-fourth mol. of oxygen, preferably 0.4-1.5 mols., and at least about 0.001 mol. of an ammonium halide, preferably 0.01-1 mol. per mole of organic compound. The dehydrogenation is preferably also carried out in the presence of a metal of Group Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIb, VIIb or VIII or of the lanthanum rare earths, or a salt, oxide or hydroxide of such a metal. Steam may also be present. The organic compound may be an alkyl halide, ether, ester, aldehyde, ketone, acid, cyanoalkane or alkyl heterocyclic compound. Examples prepare methyl isopropenyl ketone, acrolein, acrylonitrile, chlorobutadiene (from 2-chloro-but-2-ene, with isomerization) and vinyl chloride. Other suitable starting compounds and products are specified. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 728,656.ALSO:Unsaturated hydrocarbons are obtained by the vapour phase reaction at 400 DEG -850 DEG C. of a dehydrogenatable compound containing a CH-CH grouping and 2-20 carbon atoms with at least about one-fourth mol. of oxygen, preferably 0.4-1.5 mols., and at least about 0.001 mol. of an ammonium halide, preferably 0.01-1 mol., per mol. of hydrocarbon. The dehydrogenation is preferably also carried out in the presence of a metal of Group Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIb, VIIb or VIII or of the lanthanum rare earths, or a salt, oxide or hydroxide of such a metal. Steam may also be present. An expected product >C=C=C< may isomerize to The starting material may be an alkane, alkene, alkyl aromatic compound or cycloalkane. Examples prepare butadiene-1,3 (from butene-2), isoprene (from 2-methylbutene-2), benzene (from cyclohexane), styrene (from ethylcyclohexane and from ethylbenzene), a -methylstyrene, isobutene and propene. Other starting compounds and products are specified. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 728,656.