| 摘要 |
The invention relates to the combustible applied chemistry, in particular to the gasification of carboniferous raw material, and may be used in the chemical, fuel and energy fields. The process for thermochemical gasification of carboniferous raw material, realized into a mine-type reactor-gasifier, having placed from top to bottom zones: for charging with sluice chamber, for gasification, burning and removal of ash-slaggy residues, includes charging of the raw material into the sluice chamber and formation into the reactor-gasifier of a gas-permeable raw material layer, initiation of raw material burning, burning of the raw material and maintenance of burning and gasification regimes thereof, selection from the gasification zone, adjacent to the charging zone, of the gas-product, delivery into the burning zone of the steam-air blast through the ash-slaggy residue and removal off the burning zone of the ash-slaggy residue. In the sluice chamber, by indirect heating, the raw material is subjected to drying up to the humidity of 3...7%, in the burning zone it is maintained the temperature of 1350...1700?C, the steam-air blast is cyclically carried out under the pressure of 0,10...0,14 MPa, the steam-gas mixture formed in the raw material drying process from the sluice chamber is cyclically fed into the gasification zone, the gasification is carried out at a discharge of 0,030...0,045 MPa and a temperature of 1800...2300?C, and maintenance of the burning and gasification regimes is provided by regulation of the steam-air blast, delivery of the steam-gas mixture, removal of the ash-slaggy residues and batchwise charging of the raw material. At the same time, the raw material layer in the reactor-gasifier is formed with clearance about its walls, and the delivery of the steam-gas mixture into the gasification zone and the discharge of the product-gas from the gasification zone are carried out tangentially. Moreover, into the steam-gas mixture, discharged from the sluice chamber, there is injected water. The result consists in the possibility of gasifying any carboniferous raw material with a humidity of up to 65% and with a content of fireproof material of up to 50%. The gas-product does not contain ecologically harmful components: dioxins, dioxides, furans.
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