| 摘要 |
FIELD: food-processing industry; methods of determination of the diffusion coefficient of target components in the lumber. ^ SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of food- processing industry, in particular, to production of the wood extracts for preparation of the strong alcoholic beverages and may be used for determination of diffusion properties of the lumber. The method includes manufacture of a sample, aging the sample within 24 hours in the aqueous-alcoholic solution with the 50 % volumetric share of ethanol for its swelling, extraction of the target components by the aqueous-alcoholic solution with the volume share of ethanol of 50 %, determination of the diffusion stream of the target components, calculation of the diffusion coefficient. The sample cut out from the lumber in longitudinal direction or the transversal direction with respect to the fibers in the form of a disk with the ratio of its width to the diameter equal to 1:20. Before the extraction they put the cylindrical form substructures on the butt surface so, that to shield its lateral surface and consolidate on the arbor of the experimental installation. After determination of the specific diffusion stream of extracted components conduct calculation of the diffusion coefficient in the longitudinal or transversal direction of transfer at the quantitative description of the process by the differential equation of the non-stationary one-dimensional diffusion in the plate by the following formula where C0 s is the initial concentration of the extracted part of the substances in the sample (g/cm3) of the seasoned wood; - the average to the moment tau concentration in the liquid, g/cm3, beta =Vs/V l ; Vs - the volume of the solid phase, cm3, Vl- the volume of the liquid phase, cm3; Fo = (Dm .tau)/(delta/2) - Fourier number, D - the diffusion coefficient in the sample, m2/s, tau- a time, seconds; delta - the plate thickness, m;mun - the constant, which value is varied depending on the value of beta. The method allows to raise accuracy of determination of the diffusion coefficient of the target components in the lumber, because the direction of transfer of the substances in the sample is taken into consideration, and also at realization of the method the labor input and duration of determination are reduced. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased accuracy of determination of the diffusion coefficient of the target components in the lumber, reduction of duration of its determination and the labor input. ^ 2 ex |
