| 摘要 |
<p><PICT:0815029/III/1> <PICT:0815029/III/2> <PICT:0815029/III/3> A plant comprises two hermetically sealed separators, a pipe connecting an outlet of the first separator with the inlet of the second separator, a pump having a capacity greater than the discharge from the outlet arranged in the pipe, a throttling member at an outlet of the second separator, and a device for maintaining constant pressure at one part of the pipe. Fig. 1 shows a system ensuring a constant feed to a plant (Fig. 2) for the treatment of a fatty oil. A supply tank 1 is connected to the first separator 26 by a pipe 2 in which are disposed a heater 4, a pump 3, a valve 11 and a mixer 5. A diaphragm-controlled valve 8 is connected to the pipe by pipes 7, 22 to give a constant pressure drop across the valve 11, and hence a constant flow of oil to the mixer which is supplied with a measured quantity of reagent. Oil freed from gum is discharged from the separator 26 and fed to the second separator 34 by a pipe 27 in which are located a valve 28, a heater 30, a pump 31 and a mixer 32 to which a controlled flow of neutralizing agent is supplied. A pipe 38 including a diaphragm controlled valve 43 connects the pressure side to the suction side of the pump 31 and ensures a constant pressure in the pipe 27 at the manometer 44. Neutralized oil is discharged from the separator 34 through a pipe 35 having a valve 36. The pipe 35 may connect the separator 34 to a further separator, or to a further series of separators, so that the oil may be further treated to obtain a refined product, all adjacent separators in the plant being connected by a piping system similar to that extending between the separators 26, 34. In the soap-making apparatus shown in Fig. 3, soap stock is mixed with a graining electrolyte in a mixer 46 and fed to the first separator 49 by a pump. Neat soap from the separator 49 is fed to the second separator 55 by a pipe 50 containing a valve 51 which maintains constant pressure in the outlet of the separator 49, a pump 52, and a mixer 53 to which fitting electrolyte is supplied. A valve 66 opening at a predetermined pressure drop is connected to the suction and pressure sides of the pump 52. Fitted soap is discharged from the separator 55 by a pipe 56 having a valve 57 which maintains a constant pressure at the separator outlet. Spent lye is discharged from the separator 49 by a pipe 59 having a valve 61 maintaining constant pressure in the separator outlet, and nigre is discharged from the separator 55 by a pipe 60 having a valve 62 maintaining a constant pressure at the separator outlet. The nigre is pumped to the mixer 46 for further treatment in the separators.</p> |
