| 摘要 |
"Separation" of hydrocarbon mixtures is effected by contacting the mixture with a carbinol R1R2R3COH, wherein R1, R2 are aryl or substituted aryl and R3 is aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl or H, to form a complex with at least one component of the mixture and by isolating and decomposing the complex. By "separation" is meant the resolution into fractions of a mixture of several components, each fraction being richer in at least one component than the initial mixture. R1 and R2 are preferably naphthyl and R1R2R3OH is suitably 1,11-dinaphthylcarbinol or more preferably 2,21-dinaphthylcarbinol. The hydrocarbon mixture may be in the liquid or gaseous phase. From liquid hydrocarbon mixtures a complex may be formed by addition of the carbinol and then heating, or vice versa, followed by crystallization of the complex from the cooled solution or, when the carbinol is sparingly soluble, by refluxing the hydrocarbon mixture and passing the vapours over the carbinol so that the complex forms on crystallization of the carbinol from its saturated solution. The complex may then be isolated by filtering or by vaporizing the non-complexed components. From gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures a complex is formed, after contact of the vapour with liquid carbinol, by cooling and solidification. To free the bonded hydrocarbon the complex may be decomposed by heating, by the addition of a solvent for the carbinol, e.g. an aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic or aromatic alcohol, or by preferential complexing of the carbinol with a second material; the hydrocarbon is then recovered in suitable manner. Separation (as defined) may be effected between different sized and/or shaped hydrocarbon molecules, for example between straight chain and other hydrocarbons, between branched chain hydrocarbons of different degree, between highly branched hydrocarbons with adjacent and with non-adjacent alkyl substituents, between paraffinic and (i) naphthenic or (ii) aromatic hydrocarbons, between naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and between naphthenic or aromatic (e.g. o, m, p, xylene) hydrocarbons themselves. An example illustrates the separation of blends of hydrocarbons effected by freezing the blend with 2,21-dinaphthylcarbinol in liquid N2, evacuating, sealing, then heating to 80-100 DEG C. and cooling to room temperature and by removing and drying the complex and analyzing its volatile components. Separation of (i) the 9 isomers of C7H16, (ii) normal pentane, hexane, heptane, (iii) the paraffins of (ii) and corresponding naphthenes, (iv) Cyclo- and methyl cyclo-pentane and hexane, (v) cis and trans heptene-2, (vi) o, m, p xylene, is effected.
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