Quaternary ammonium compounds, polymers thereof, and methods of making them

摘要

Antistatic, bactericidal and fungicidal properties are imparted to leather by impregnating or coating it with a polymer of a compound of formula:- where m is 1 -4, Z is O or NH, A is C2- 6 alkylene having at least 2 carbon atoms between N and Z, R and R1 are C1-4, A1 is C2-8 alkylene having 2 or 3 carbon atoms between N and the adjoined. radical, and n is 1 or 2 (see Division C3).ALSO:The invention comprises homopolymers and copolymers of compounds of the formula where m is 1-4, Z is O or NH, A is C2- 6 alkylene, at least 2 carbons being in a chain between N and Z, R and R1 are C1- 4 alkyl, A1 is C2- 8 alkylene having 2 or 3 carbon atoms being N and the adjoined radical, and n is 1 or 2 (see Division C2), and their production by polymerizing the monomers, alone or with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers; chain-transfer agents and other molecular weight regulators may be present. Many comonomers are specified. The polymers may be used as bactericides, fungicides, oil conditioners, antistatic agents for fibres, films, filaments, yarns and fabrics, as dispersants for pigment (e.g. TiO2 with kaolin as filler), as softening agents, as additives to spinning solutions, and in impregnating and coating compositions (see other Divisions). They also form complexes with soaps or anionic detergents such as sodium lauryl sulphate.ALSO:The invention comprises compounds of formula where m is 1-4, Z is O or NH, A is C2- 6 alkylene, at least 2 carbons being in a chain between N and Z, R and R1 are C1- 4 alkyl, A1 is C2- 8 alkylene having 2 or 3 carbon atoms in a chain between the N and the adjoined radical, and n is 1 or 2; and their production by reacting a compound of formula with a compound of formula e.g. at 10-80 DEG C. Solvents and polymerization inhibitors may be present. The compounds of the invention may be added to spinning solutions, and may be polymerized (see Division C3).ALSO:Polymers of compounds of the formula where m is 1-4, A is C2-6 alkylene having at least 2 carbon atoms between N and Z, Z is O or NH, R and R1 are C1-4 alkyl, A1 is C2-8 alkylene having 2 or 3 carbon atoms between N and the adjoined radical, and n is 1 or 2 (see Division C3) are used as antistatic agents for treating hydrophobic plastic materials in the form of fibres, filaments, films, yarns and fabrics, as softening agents for cellulose textiles or films such as rayon, cellulose acetate and cotton, and for impregnating and coating paper, textiles and other porous and/or flexible substrates. The polymers also form complexes with soaps or anionic detergents such as sodium lauryl sulphate which provide antistatic qualities when deposited on fabrics as aqueous solutions. An example treats cellulose acetate and nylon fabrics with aqueous polymer lattices dissolved in a mixture of xylene and 2-ethoxyethyl acetate.ALSO:Polymers of a compound of the formula where m is 1-4, Z is O or NH, A is C2-6 alkylene having at least 2 carbon atoms between N and Z, R and R/sv are C1-4 alkyl, A/sv is C2-8 alkylene having 2 or 3 carbon atoms 1 or 2 (see Division C3) are used for coating paper, textiles and leather and other flexible substrates and as dispersing agents for pigments in coating compositions of aqueous or organic solvent types. An example coats chipboard with a composition containing TiO2, kaolin and polymer in water, by means of a wire-wound rod, followed by drying at 185 DEG F and calendering.