| 摘要 |
C4 and higher paraffin hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range are isomerized in the presence of hydrogen below 400 DEG F. with a catalyst containing A12O3 and from 1-15% of chlorine, at least part of the chlorine being attached at electron deficient sites which are characterized by the fact that on reaction of the catalyst with dry benzene in toluene, electron spin resonance spectra of a radical cation of benzene or toluene are obtained at N.T.P. Isomerization is preferably applied to pentanes and/or hexanes. Typical isomerization conditions are:-Temperature from 50 DEG up to 400 DEG F. preferably 150-350 DEG F. Pressure 0-20000 p.s.i.g., preferably 225-1000. G.H.S.V.=0.05 to 10 v./v./hr. Hydrogen/hydrocarbon mole ratio 0.01 to 20:1. If desired HCl or CCl4 may be added to the reaction zone. The main isomerization product is 2:2-dimethylbutane.ALSO:A catalyst suitable for use in hydrocarbon conversion processes comprises alumina and from 1-15% of chlorine by weight, at least a part of the chlorine being combined with the alumina at electron deficient sites which are characterized by the fact that, on reaction of the catalyst with dry benzene or toluene, electron spin resonance spectra of a radial cation from benzene or toluene are obtained at atmospheric temperature and pressure. The catalyst may be prepared by contacting alumina with SOCl2 under non-reducing conditions and at a temperature of from 300-1100 DEG F. such that chlorine is taken up by the alumina without production of AlCl3. The carrier may be rho, chi, eta or gamma-Al2O3 although kappa, theta and delta aluminas are also mentioned. The surface area of the catalyst may be more than 250-300 sq. m./gm.ALSO:A catalyst suitable for use in hydrocarbon conversion processes comprises alumina and from 1-15% of chlorine by weight, at least a part of the chlorine being combined with the alumina at electron deficient sites which are characterized by the fact that, on reaction of the catalyst with dry benzene or toluene, electron spin resonance spectra of a radial cation from benzene or toluene are obtained at atmospheric temperature and pressure. The catalyst may be prepared by contacting alumina with SOCl2 under non-reducing conditions and at a temperature of from 300-1100 DEG F. such that chlorine is taken up by the alumina without production of AlCl3. The carrier may be rho, chi, eta or gamma-Al2O3 although kappa, theta and delta aluminas are also mentioned. The surface area of the catalyst may be more than 250-300 sq. in/gm. The catalyst may additionally contain a hydrogenating component from Group VIa or VIII. Examples are given. |
