СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО ГАЗА (СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА), СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ДИМЕТИЛОВОГО ЭФИРА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СИНТЕЗА-ГАЗА (ВАРИАНТЫ), И ПЕЧЬ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА (ВАРИАНТЫ)

摘要

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention pertains to synthesising gas, containing carbon oxide and hydrogen, and reduction of concentration of carbon dioxide, method of obtaining dimethyl ether, as well as furnace for gas synthesis. The gas synthesis method involves reforming a gas through incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon in space over a catalyst layer in a furnace. Temperature at the output of the catalyst layer is 1100-1300°C, and concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas synthesis is not more than 10% vol. Time for keeping the gas over the catalyst layer is 2 seconds or more. Dimethyl ether is obtained from the gas synthesis. The gas synthesis furnace allows for effusion of raw material containing, at least, hydrocarbon and oxidant, coming from a burner at the upper part of the furnace, incomplete combustion of the hydrocarbon in the space above the catalyst layer inside the furnace and synthesis of gas, containing carbon oxide and hydrogen in the catalyst layer. In the first alternative of the structure of the furnace, the space over the layer of catalyst satisfies conditions (1) and (2): (1) L>=D/2xcotantheta1 and (2) the time for keeping the gas in the space is 2 seconds or more, where L is the height of the space over the catalyst layer, D is the inner diameter of the furnace, theta1 is ½ the apical angle of the profile of the cone shaped width of the effusion stream into the furnace from the burner, and has values lying in the interval 6.5°<=theta1<=9°. In the second alternative of the structure of the furnace, the above mentioned space above the layer of catalyst satisfies the following conditions (1), (2) and (4): (1) L>=D/2xcotantheta1 and (2) the time the gas spends in the space is 2 seconds or more, and (4) L>=10d, where L is the height of the space over the catalyst layer, D is the inner diameter of the furnace, theta1 is ½ the apical angle of the profile of the cone shaped width of the effusion stream into the furnace from the burner, and lies in the interval 6,5°<=theta1<=9°, and d is the minimum diameter of a circle, encompassing all openings of the burner, through which the gas flows out. ^ EFFECT: synthesis of gas, which does not contain hydrocarbons, and with low concentration of carbon dioxide. ^ 13 cl, 14 dwg, 7 tbl, 4 ex