| 摘要 |
In the production of acetylene and ethylene by cracking a hydrocarbon by contact with hydrogen heated in an electric arc the hydrocarbon is introduced in vapour form at at least two axially spaced points into a reaction zone, at least one stream in the same direction as the flow of hydrogen and the velocity of the reactants is increased through at least part of the reaction zone e.g. by reducing the cross-sectional area; in one embodiment, the second hydrocarbon stream is introduced part way through the reaction zone in the same direction, in another embodiment further hydrocarbon is introduced transversely to the direction of flow, i.e. radially or tangentially, after which the velocity is maintained constant. Hydrogen is heated by supplying 2-7 kwhr. per cubic metre to the arc and is introduced into the reaction zone at a velocity of 40-400 m./sec. Feed hydrocarbon is introduced along the reactor wall at 20-400 m./sec.
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