Benzenesulphonyl-ureas and their manufacture and use

摘要

Novel sulphonyl ureas of the formula wherein R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl or a phenyl lower alkyl group; R1 is (a) an alkyl, alkenyl or mercaptoalkyl group of 2-8 carbon, atoms, (b) an alkoxyalkyl, alkylmercaptoalkyl or alkylsulphinylalkyl group of 4-8 carbon atoms at least two of which form the alkylene portion of the group, (c) a phenyl lower alkyl or phenylcyclopropyl group, (d) a cyclohexyl lower alkyl, cycloheptylmethyl, cycloheptylethyl or cyclooctylmethyl group, (e) an endoalkylene-cyclohexyl, endoalkylene-cyclohexenyl, endoalkylene-cyclohexylmethyl or endoalkylene-cyclohexenylmethyl group each containing 1 or 2 endoalkylene carbon atoms, (f) a lower alkyl-cyclohexyl or a lower alkoxycyclohexyl group, (g) a cycloalkyl group containing 5-8 carbon atoms, (h) a cyclohexenyl or cyclohexenylmethyl group, (i) a heterocyclic ring containing 4 or 5 carbon atoms and one oxygen or sulphur atom optionally containing 1 or 2 ethylenic double bonds or (k) a heterocyclic ring as defined under (i) linked to the nitrogen atom by a methylene group; X is a C1- 6 hydrocarbon group optionally bearing halogen, hydroxy, oxo, lower acyloxy or lower alkoxy substituents; Y is a C1- 4 hydrocarbo group; Z is hydrogen or a halogen or a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, C5- 6 cycloalkoxy, cyclohexyl, lower alkylmercapto, lower alkylsulphinyl, lower alkylsulphonyl, phenylsulphonyl, phenyl, phenyl lower alkyl, lower acyl, benzoyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, lower acyloxy, benzyloxy, carboxyl, carbalkoxy, nitrile, carbamoyl, lower alkylcarbamoyl, di-lower alkyl-carbamoyl or nitro group; Z1 and Z2 (if Z is hydrogen or halogen or an hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkyl or alkoxy group) may each be hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy or (if Z is a hydrogen atom) may together form a methylenedioxy group or (if Z has any other meaning) are each a hydrogen atom, and the "phenylene" radical optionally bears halogen, alkyl or alkoxy substituents (the term "lower" being used to denote a group of up to 4 carbon atoms) are made by the following methods (a) reaction between an amine R1NH2 and the appropriate benzenesulphonyl isocyanate or a compound which reacts like an isocyanate such as a carbamic ester, carbamic halide, thiocarbamic ester or urea, or conversely, by reaction of an R1 substituted isocyanate or its equivalent with an appropriately substituted benzenesulphonamide; (b) reaction of a benzenesulphonyl chloride bearing the appropriate phenylalkanoylaminoalkyl substituent with an R1 substituted urea, iso-urea ether, isothiourea ether or parabanic acid and, if required, hydrolysing the product obtained; (c) replacement of the sulphur atom in a corresponding benzenesulphonyl thiourea by oxygen; (d) oxidation of the corresponding benzenesulphenyl or benzenesulphinyl ureas; (e) acylation of a benzenesulphonyl urea of the formula R2N.Y.phenylene.SO2.NH.CO.NHR1 to introduce the appropriate phenyl-X-CO-radical; (f) treatment of a benzenesulphonyl urea of the formula given which contains etherified hydroxy or esterified carboxylic groups to liberate the free hydroxy or carboxylic group; (g) hydrogenation of a compound of the above general formula in which X contains an ethylenic double bond to give the corresponding saturated compound. Pharmaceutical preparations having hypoglycaemic activity comprise the above compounds of the invention in admixture or conjunction with a carrier, preferably in a form adapted to oral administration.