| 摘要 |
FIELD: waste disposal. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to processing of rubber-containing as well as industrial and domestic wastes (polyethylene, polystyrene, polyisobutylene, capron, lavsan, enant, nylon, polyvinylchloride, various-type rubbers, phenol-formaldehyde novolac resins, etc.) into motor fuel components and raw materials for general organic synthesis, petrochemical and biochemical synthesis, production of anode paste for power-and thermal and electrochemical enterprises, water-, heat- and sound-insulation materials, and road-building bituminous concrete. Wastes are first subjected to thermocatalytic fluidization at elevated temperature and pressure in hydrogen-donor hydrocarbon solvent followed by separation of liquid products and rectification thereof to yield desired products. Hydrogen-donor hydrocarbon solvent is a mixture of alkylbenzenes with a hydrogen-donor hydrocarbon having lesser induction effect time. Process is carried out at 200-320°C and pressure 1-3 MPa using as catalyst phthalocyanine or dimethylglyoximate salts selected from salts of copper, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, manganese, iron, and mixture thereof. Advantageously, process is carried out in mixture of alkylbenzenes with tetralin taken at weight ratio 10:0,5 to 10:2.0 or in mixture of alkylbenzenes with paraffin-naphthene petroleum fraction 230-280°C at the same weight ratio. Solvent-to-catalyst weight ratio is preferably between 1:0.01 and 1:0.05 and waste-to-solvent weight ratio 1:(2-4). Invention results on increased hydrogen-donor potential of solvent due to more efficient use of hydrogen of latter and also selectivity of the process when performing fluidization of waste with complex chemical composition. Further advantages of invention consist in simplified technology, lowered temperature and pressure, increased productivity at simultaneously improved explosion and fire safety, environmental safety, and increased yield of fractions with boiling temperature up to 200°C and having low contents of oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing organic derivatives. ^ EFFECT: enhanced process efficiency. ^ 7 cl, 1 tbl |
