| 摘要 |
The invention relates to a method for producing hydrolysis-stable ammonium nitriles by reacting a compound of formula (1), wherein R<SUP>1</SUP>, R<SUP>2</SUP>, and R<SUP>3 </SUP>are identical or different and represent linear or branched C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>24</SUB>-alkyl groups, C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>24</SUB>-alkenyl groups, substituted or non-substituted benzyl or C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkoxy-C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkyl groups, or wherein R<SUP>1 </SUP>and R<SUP>2</SUP>, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a ring with 4 to 6 C-atoms which can be substituted with C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>5 </SUB>alkyl, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>5 </SUB>alkoxy, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>5 </SUB>alkanoyl, phenyl, amino, ammonium, cyano, cyanamino, chlorine or bromine and which can contain in addition to the nitrogen atom, instead of the carbon atoms, one or two oxygen or nitrogen atoms, a group N-R<SUP>6 </SUP>or a group R<SUP>3</SUP>-N-R<SUP>6</SUP>, wherein R6 is hydrogen, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>5</SUB>-alkyl, C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>5</SUB>-alkenyl, C<SUB>2</SUB>-C<SUB>5</SUB>-alkinyl, phenyl, C<SUB>7</SUB>-C<SUB>9</SUB>-aralkyl, C<SUB>5</SUB>-C<SUB>7</SUB>-cycloalkyl, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>6</SUB>-alkanoyl, cyanomethyl or cyan, R<SUP>4 </SUP>and R<SUP>5 </SUP>are hydrogen, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkyl, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkenyl, C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkoxy-C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>4</SUB>-alkyl, phenyl or C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>3</SUB>-alkylphenyl, preferably hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, R<SUP>4 </SUP>especially meaning hydrogen when R<SUP>5 </SUP>does not mean hydrogen, and X represents an anion; with an alkaline or ammonium salt of an alkane sulfonate, paraffin sulfonate, aryl sulfonate, alcohol sulfate or fatty acid alkyl carboxylate in the presence of water, at a high temperature <chemistry id="CHEM-US-00001" num="000
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