| 摘要 |
An internal combustion engine has valves for selectively restricting fluid circulation through one of the two regions. The regions are the head 104 and block 102, which may be supplied by a pump 118 and reservoir 138, with flow in vertical risers being through valves 152. The valves may be spring loaded to stay closed at a low pump power, but open at a high pump power, or the valves my be electromagnetic. In an embodiment the pump 118 is electrically driven in response to thermistors 144,145, and may receive pulse-width modulated signals, or no signal when the engine temperature is low. Also claimed and described are an engine with coolant channels in the block parallel to the top face and riser channels in the head parallel to the central axis; and an engine with the reservoir 138 disposed to define a maximum coolant level in the engine when the cooling system is inactive (e.g. with the head 104 dry and coolant drained to the lowest areas of the system). Stud bores may be used as the risers. |
