MULTI-PURPOSE PLANT FOR RECTIFICATION CLEANING OF SOLVENTS BELONGING TO MAIN CLASSES OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS AND METHOD OF RECTIFICATION CLEANING OF ACETONE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, BENZENE, TOLUENE, N-BUTANOL, ISOBUTANOL, ETHYL ACETATE, N-BUTYL ACETATE AND CYCLOHEXANE

摘要

FIELD: production of organic agents and rectification cleaning of such agents. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed multi-purpose plant includes still and batch-operated packed rectifying column mounted on it and brought in communication with it; top of said column on side of vapor outlet is communicated with dephlegmator which is brought in communication with top of rectifying column on side of condensate outlet and with rectification production collecting reservoir; proposed plant is provided with two measuring reservoirs connected at their lower parts to starting solvent reservoir located above them and to still; at their upper parts they are connected to vacuum pump and to nitrogen source; measuring reservoirs are located above still for filling it by gravity; volume of measuring reservoirs ranges from 60 to 75% of still volume; dephlegmator is made in form of cylindrical water-cooled heat exchanger mounted at angle of 10 to 20° relative to level; in its lower part, dephlegmator is provided with bypass unit with combined vapor inlet and condensate outlet; bypass unit is used for connecting the dephlegmator to top of rectifying column on side of solvent vapor outlet and to point of introducing the phlegm to rectifying column and to reservoirs collecting predistillate and rectification products; besides that, dephlegmator is connected with separator for separation of water from condensate (Florence flask) which may be disconnected when necessary; water receiver is located below it and is brought into communication with it; stillage residue receiver located above still is connected to its lower part; stillage residue receiver is connected by its lower part to stillage residue utilization reservoirs; at the top it is connected to vacuum pump and to nitrogen source; predistillate and reaction qualification products are accumulated in separate reservoirs connected to column condensate outlet; plant is provided with trap for receiving non-condensed vapor of rectification products which is connected with water receiver, dephlegmator and water cooler; trap is connected to predistillate collecting reservoir; rectifying column consists of four drums of similar height hermetically interconnected together; their diameter ranges from 0.07 to 0.08 of rectifying column height; height of rectifying column ranges from 3800 to 4200 mm; volume of predistillate and stillage residue collecting reservoir is 20-30% of volume of still; volume of starting solvent reservoir is 200-300% of volume of still; rectifying column, starting solvent reservoir and rectification product collecting reservoir are made from stainless steel. ^ EFFECT: enhanced efficiency; possibility of performing thorough rectification cleaning of agents. ^ 11 cl, 1 dwg, 9 tbl, 9 ex