| 摘要 |
A two-dimensional photonic crystal surface-emitting laser in which a photonic crystal periodic structure body (21), comprising an active layer (a first medium) (12) that emits light by carrier injection or a second medium disposed near it and being different in refractive index, is arranged at a two-dimensional period. The lattice structure of a photonic crystal (20) is a tetragonal lattice or an orthogonal lattice, and is provided with translational symmetry but not with rotational symmetry. Or, the lattice structure of a photonic crystal (20) is a tetragonal lattice or an orthogonal lattice, and is either p1, pm, pg or cm according to two-dimensional pattern classification method. Most preferably, the shape of a lattice point is almost triangular.
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