| 摘要 |
The invention relates to nanostructured materials comprising titanium oxide (TiO2-x, wherein 0 = x = 1), having a hitherto-unknown orthorhombic crystalline structure which is the basic unit in the construction of nanofibres, nanowires, nanorods, nanocoils and/or nanotubes. The materials are produced from an isostructural precursor comprising hydrogen titanate and/or mixed sodium and hydrogen titanate, corresponding to the hydrogenated, protonated, hydrated and/or alkaline phases of the aforementioned structure, and are obtained from titanium compounds, such as: titanium oxide having a crystalline anatase structure, amorphous titanium oxide, titanium oxide having a crystalline rutile structure, and/or directly from rutile mineral and/or ilmenite. The invention also relates to the method of obtaining the inventive materials, which comprises the following stages: an alkaline treatment of the former compounds followed by a thermal treatment at reflux or hydrothermal conditions under atmos pheric, autogenous or controlled pressure being subsequently followed by a ionic exchange treatment carried out in an alcoholic and/or aqueous medium with different acidity levels in order to obtain hydrogen titanate and/or hydrogen and sodium mixed titanate. Finally this latter element is subjected to a thermal treatment under an inert, oxidant or reductive atmosphere so as to produce a material with an orthorhombic structure known as JT of TIO2-X, where 0= x = 1. The inventive materials are mainly used as catalysts, catalyst supports, photocatalyst, adsorbents and semiconductors for manufacturing electronic devices, photoelectronic cells, dyes and cosmetics. |
