Polyphosphathaltige Reinigungsmittel

摘要

Detergent compositions containing water-soluble polyphosphates are given an addition of a compound having in its molecule the structure wherein X=O or S an Y=-NH2 or -SH, whereby the tendency of the compositions to tarnish metal articles is reduced. One valency of each of the two unattached carbon atoms may be utilized to form a double bond between these carbon atoms (i.e. the compounds may be thiazoles or oxazoles), or the unattached valencies may be linked to hydrogen atoms, carbonyloxygen, or alkyl or acyl radicals, or may form part of a condensed ring system, either saturated (as in 2-aminocyclohexyl oxazoline) or unsaturated (as in 2-mercapto benzothiazole). The condensed rings may bear substituents such as halogen atoms or amino, alkyl or aryl groups. A list of suitable compounds is given. Between 0.005 and 5 per cent., preferably 0.03 to 1 per cent., by weight of these compounds based on the weight of polyphosphate may be used. The 2-amino compounds may be used in the form of their salts with inorganic acids such as sulphuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid, or with organic acids such as acetic, formic or benzoic acid. The 2-mercapto compounds may be used in the form of their salts with metals, e.g. zinc, or with amines, e.g. hexamine, phenylbiguanide, tolylbiguanide or biphenylguanide. The water-soluble polyphosphates include those of the formulae A4 P2 O7, A5 P3 O10, A6 P4 O13 and (APO3)6, where A is an alkali metal. The detergents normally present in the compositions include alkyl aryl sulphonates, such as magnesium polypropylene benzene sulphonate, aliphatic sulphonic acids, acid sulphates of aliphatic alcohols of 10 - 18 carbon atoms, sulphonated castor oil, esters and ethers of isethionic acid, amides of taurine and N-alkyl taurines, long chain fatty esters and ethers of 1.2 dihydroxypropane-3-sulphonic acid, sulphates of mono glycerides and glycerol monoethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of alkyl phenols and alkyl thio phenols, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, and polyethylene glycol ethers of fatty alcohols. The compositions may also contain other substances such as alkali metal and alkaline earth metal sulphates, chlorides, silicates, borates, carbonates, metaphosphates and orthophosphates, starch, polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohols and salts of carboxy methyl cellulose. Specification 645,129 is referred to.ALSO:Water-soluble polyphosphate compositions for cleaning nickel and copper alloys, such as German silver, are given an addition of a compound having in its molecule the structure wherein X=O or S and Y=-NH2 or -SH3, whereby the tendency of the compositions to tarnish the alloys is reduced. One valency of each of the two unattached carbon atoms may be utilized to form a double bond between these carbon atoms (i.e. the compounds may be thiazoles or oxazoles), or the unattached valencies may be linked to hydrogen atoms, carbonyl - oxygen, or alkyl or aryl radicals or may form part of a condensed ring system, either saturated (as in 2-aminocyclohexyl oxazoline) or unsaturated (as in 2-mercaptobenzthiazole). The condensed rings may carry substituents such as halogen atoms or amino, alkyl or aryl groups. A list of suitable compounds is given. The 2-amino compounds may be used in the form of their salts with inorganic acids such as sulphuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid, or with organic acids such as acetic, formic or benzoic acid. The 2-mercapto compounds may be used in the form of their salts with metals, e.g. zinc, or with amines. e.g. hexamine, phenylbiguanide, tolybiguanide or biphenylguanide. The water-soluble polyphosphates may be of the formulae A1P2O7, A5P3O10, A6P4O13 and (APO3)6, where A is an alkali metal. The inhibitor may be used in amounts of 0.005 to 5 per cent. by weight of the polyphosphates. Solutions containing 0.14 per cent. of the polyphosphate compositions should preferably have a pH of 7 to 10. The polyphosphate compositions may also contain detergents (see Group III), alkali metal and alkaline earth metal sulphate, chlorides, silicates, borates. carbonates, metaphosphates and orthophosphates, starch, polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohols and salts of carboxymethyl cellulose. Specification 645,129, [Group III], is referred to.