| 摘要 |
<p><PICT:0834419/IV (b)/1> Unsaturated hydrocarbons, particularly acetylene and ethylene are produced by the pyrolysis of more saturated hydrocarbons by contact with a hot combustion product gas, the combustion product being continuously produced by the introduction of a fuel and an oxidizing gas separately into a combustion chamber of substantially circular cross-section, at least one of the reactants being introduced by at least one inlet tangential to the periphery with a velocity of at least 0.8 Mach number. Preferably both fuel and oxidizing gas are introduced tangentially and the hydrocarbon to be pyrolyzed is also introduced into the combustion product tangentially, and if desired any one of the reactants may be introduced wholly or partially in a direction of rotation opposed to the other reactants. The combustion products are preferably cooled slightly by the introduction of a secondary gas such as steam so that oxygen containing radicals are eliminated, as described in Specification 823,956, and the combustion product may pass through a constricted opening before introducing the hydrocarbon. Suitable fuels are hydrocarbons, commercial hydrogen, carbon monoxide or water gas, and commercial oxygen may be used as the oxidizing gas. Referring to the drawings, a combustion chamber 1 is supplied with tangential inlets 2 for hydrogen and tangential inlets 3 for oxygen. As seen from section A these are preferably arranged alternately round the chamber. They may be in one or more planes. Steam is introduced radially or tangentially through inlets 4 and the hydrocarbon to be pyrolized through inlets 5 preferably tangentially as in section B. The reactants pass through the reactor 6 lined with ceramic material 9 and are quenched by a cooling agent introduced at 7. Gases are separated from any liquids in the syphon 8. Hydrocarbons which can be pyrolized include methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane and gasoline fractions; isobutane, isooctane, isoheptane and isohexane; ethylene, propylene and n- and iso-butylenes.</p> |
