| 摘要 |
Three-terminal ( 3 -T) and four-terminal ( 4 -T) thin-film, Si-based, multi-junction solar cells, and solar cell panels wherein multiple solar cells are electrically connected in series, in which current-matching-constraints are released from the two stacked cells that make up each solar cell, wherein the two stacked cells (i.e. a first n-i-p a-Si:H cell considered in the direction of light penetration, and a second stable, low band gap material p-i-n cell, such as a p-i-n nc-Si:H cell considered in the direction of light penetration) are carried by a substrate having a top-disposed and ultra-thin (about 1000 A thick) a-Si:H solar cell where instability is not an issue, the invention having the potential of attaining eta>16%. In an embodiment the solar cells and panels are manufactured using a cluster tool manufacturing system wherein a robotic arm transports a reel-to-reel substrate-cassette to selected deposition chambers, the substrate-cassette containing a flexible substrate such as a stainless steel foil or a plastic web. In another embodiment a rigid substrate such as glass or rigid stainless steel is used.
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