| 摘要 |
Hydrogen cyanide is obtained as a by-product in the oxidation at 300 DEG to 600 DEG C. and 0.1 to 10 ats. abs. of a C3 or C4 olefin with air and/or oxygen in the presence of ammonia and optionally steam and with a time of contact with a catalyst of 0.05 to 50 seconds, wherein the catalyst is applied to a carrier material and contains an oxide mixture of vanadium, tin and optionally phosphorus. Specified carrier materials are silica gel, aluminium oxide, pumice and aluminium phosphate and the reaction may be effected in solid, fluidized or flowing catalyst beds.ALSO:Unsaturated nitriles are prepared by oxidizing a C3 or C4 olefin with air and/or oxygen in the presence of ammonia and optionally steam at 300 DEG to 600 DEG C. and 0.1 to 10 atmospheres absolute and within a time of contact with a catalyst of 0.05 to 50 seconds, wherein the catalyst is applied to a carrier material and contains an oxide mixture of vanadium, tin and optionally phosphorus. Specified carrier materials are silica gel, aluminium oxide, pumice and aluminium phosphate and the reaction may be effected in solid, fluidized or flowing catalyst beds. Saturated nitriles are obtained as by-products. |
