| 摘要 |
Spinal surgery is carried out under direct visualication through a relativel y small opening (72) formed in a patient~s skin (74). Intervening tissue (76) between the opening (72) and the surgical site is displaced so as to form a keyhole channel therethrough. The channel is characterized in that it increases in width as it progresses from the opening (72) to the surgical field (78). The use of the keyhole channel maximizes the surgeon~s access to the surgical field (78) while minimizing tissue trauma. Also disclosed are surgical retractors (10) used to provide the channel.
|
