| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alignment film used for the alignment of a liquid crystal compound. SOLUTION: The alignment film includes a copolymer, having at least one structure unit expressed by any one of Formulae (I) to (III). In the formulae, R<SP>1</SP>and R<SP>2</SP>are each a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or the like. P<SP>1</SP>, P<SP>21</SP>and P<SP>31</SP>are -NR-(R is a hydrogen atom or alkyl group) or the like. L<SP>1</SP>, L<SP>21</SP>, L<SP>22</SP>, L<SP>31</SP>and L<SP>32</SP>are each a prescribed bivalent linking group. X<SP>1</SP>, X<SP>2</SP>and X<SP>3</SP>are each hydrogen coupling group. n1, n2 and n3 are each an integer of 3 or smaller. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
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