| 摘要 |
A filtration system includes an outer casing that houses a plurality of elongated inner casings, which in turn house a plurality of filters (membranes). The outer casing, inner casings, and filters are disposed relative to one another to provide a three-flow channel system that provides additional feed fluid at one or more of the membrane couplings between membranes of the same inner casing. In preferred systems and methods the feed fluid flow path comprises an annular space between the inner casings and the filters contained in such casings, and in more preferred embodiments the annular space is substantially continuous past multiple filters of the same inner casing. The inner casings may advantageously have openings that fluidly communicate with the lumen of the outer casing, thereby reducing the ratio of couplings relative to the number of filters (the coupling/filter ratio). In especially preferred embodiments the coupling/filter ratio <=1:2, in more preferred embodiments the coupling/filter ratio <=1:3, and in still more preferred embodiments the coupling/filter ratio <=1:4.
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