| 摘要 |
FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the improved method for preparing aliphatic amines by addition reaction of ammonia to (C2-C8)-alkenes, for example, to isobutylene in gaseous phase and reaction is catalyzed by heterogeneous, preferably zeolite catalyst. Process is carried out in system comprising two sections - separating and reaction that are interrelated and interdependent and one cooling zone working under the same pressure from 2 to 8 MPa. Liquid mixture of ammonia and alkene is fed to upper part of separating section fitted with dephlegmator and then mixture is fed to reaction section containing catalyst, for example, zeolite catalyst of type ZSM-5 wherein alkene reacts with ammonia partially and forms amine. Temperature in reaction section is maintained usually from 220oC to 320oC and the molar ratio of ammonia to alkene at inlet to reaction section is from 1.5 to 20 usually. Then reaction mixture removing reaction section is cooled in cooling zone to temperature about the condensation point by heat-exchange with mixture that is recovered for repeated utilization from separating section to reaction section. Cooled reaction mixture is recovered to separating section fitted with built in packing for intensification of mutual contact of countercurrent of liquid and gaseous phases wherein the amine concentrate is separated from reaction mixture and removed from heated vat of separating section. Indicated concentrate is purified additionally and unreacted mixture of alkenes and ammonia in common with fresh parent compounds is recovered for repeated processing in gaseous form from condenser of this section to reaction section. Method provides reducing energy consumptions due to reducing heat consumptions and pressure. ^ EFFECT: improved preparing method. ^ 12 cl, 1 dwg, 2 ex |
