| 摘要 |
1,133,669. Controlling vehicles. GENERAL MOTORS CORP. 1 Dec., 1966 [6 Dec., 1965], No. 53766/66. Heading B7H. [Also in Division G3] A speed control system for an engine-driven vehicle comprises a memory valve 48, Fig. 1, having a movable element 170, Fig. 2, which is responsive to a vehicle speed-responsive fluid pressure to produce a memory signal indicative of vehicle speed, a control valve assembly 50 having a movable valve element 226 which is subject to the opposed actions of the memory signal and the vehicle speed-responsive fluid pressure to supply to a control device 86 for the vehicle engine a fluid pressure regulated at a value tending to maintain the speed of the vehicle at the value indicated by the memory signal, and a lock mechanism 68 selectively actuable to lock the element of the memory valve against further response to the vehicle speed-responsive fluid pressure. A variable ratio transmission 22 for the vehicle provides a governor pressure varying with vehicle speed in a line 32 and a line or supply pressure for the system in a line 30, the latter being maintained, if necessary, at a value above the highest governor pressure by a valve 34 providing a modulator pressure for the transmission. The line pressure is applied through the memory valve 48, which regulates it in accordance with governor pressure from the line 32, to a conduit 56 and a servo control valve 50. The latter is also controlled by governor pressure and regulates the line pressure from a conduit 30 to provide a control pressure in a conduit 74 which communicates through a safety valve 72 and an actuating valve 54 with a power device 86 for the engine throttle. When a switch 92 is actuated by the driver of the vehicle to energize a holding relay 94 for contacts 116, 118, a solenoid 90 withdraws a valve element 302 from an exhaust orifice 298 in a plate 296 so that the element 290 of the actuating valve 54 is moved to the right to apply line pressure through a conduit 70 to a servo piston 220 which locks a part 170 of the memory valve 48 against further movement by governor pressure, the part 186 thus being loaded only by a spring 182. The pressure applied through the conduit 56 to the element 226 of the servo control valve 50 is thus held at a value corresponding to the required vehicle speed and the control pressure in conduit 74 is influenced only by governor pressure from the line 32. If the control pressure in the conduit 74 rises above a predetermined value as a result of a fault in the system, it pushes the element 270 of the valve 72 to the right and connects the conduit 82 to an exhaust port 280 so that the servometer 86 is connected to exhaust. Pressure from conduit 70 acting on a land 276 of the element 270 prevents the safety valve being returned to operative position even when the control pressure falls, if the piston 220 is holding the element 170. The control system cannot be engaged if the vehicle is travelling below a certain speed since reduced governor pressure causes the valve 50 to operate the safety valve 72. The circuit for energizing the solenoid 90 also includes an indicator lamp and switches 26, 28 opened by operation of the brake pedal and by the gear shift of the vehicle when in certain positions, such as reverse in the lower forward ratios. The switch 92 is so designed that in one direction of movement of a handle 114 a contact 104 is engaged to automatically re-energize the system while movement in the opposite direction does not cause re-energization. In a modified construction, the memory and control valves are combined in a single unit and the memory signal is provided by the force of a spring interposed between them and adjusted by the governor pressure, the regulated pressure from the control valve acting instead directly on the safety valve 72. In both embodiments, fluctuations in governor pressure are amplified by the control valve to produce larger fluctuations in control pressure. |
