| 摘要 |
1. The internal bone fixation device, assigned in orthopedic surgery for bone fragments fixation, for example femur (6) with fracture (I) close to the hip joint, and fracture (El) on the bone shaft, pointed by that, that contains connecting rod (1), clamp (2) and screws (3, 4, 5), that connecting rod (1) is made as an integral assembly, on which rounded cylindrical, rod-like part (7) at the trochanteric end is continually extended into a thick plate (8), whereas, on the other shaft end it has flattened part (9), and that through the thick plate (8), three identical, cylindrical holes, parallel to each other (10, 10', 10") are pierced diagonally upwards, under the angle of approximately 130 degree, and in triangular disposition, wherein, through the cylindrical holes (10, 10', 10") are dragged rounded, plate-shaped headed screws (5) with hexagonal opening (8') pierced in, and arrow-shaped tip (8"), that screws (5) are inserted through neck and head of the bone, in case of fracture (I) of femur (6), and that through the flat, thin part (9) is made longitudinal slot (11) for introducing half lens-like headed screw (4), whereas a tip (12) of the thin part (9) is narrowed and rounded from both sides, whereby screw (5) can be canulated. 2. The internal bone fixation device, according to the claim 1, characterized in that the clamp (2) has cylindrical ring (13) cut along its height, with plate-like guides (14, 15), integrally positioned outwards, and parallel to each other, and that in their center are pierced coaxial, cylindrical holes (16, 16') with conical widening (17, 17') on their outer sides, for leaning on of the ball-like head (3') of the screw (3), wherein, between the thread and ball-like head (3'), on the screw (3) is constructed narrowed neck (3"), that clamps (2) are, by their cylindrical rings, pulled on the cylindrical, rod-like part (7) of the connecting rod (1), and fixed by means of screws (3) placed above fracture (n) and beneath it, through the shaft of the femur (6), and that, in the assembly between the shaft of the femur (6) and rounded cylindrical, rod-like part (7) of the connecting rod, is achieved a minimal distance. 3. The internal bone fixation device, according to the claim 1, especially applicable for fixation of the upper and lower ends of the femur (6), and other bones as well, characterized in that the condylar end of the connecting rod (18) is made as the elliptical, longitudinal, thin plate (19), partially positioned outwards in relation to the cylindrical, rod-like part (7), while its shaft end has a flat, thin part (9) with longitudinal slot (11) and narrowed and arch-like rounded tip (12), that through the thin plate (19) are pierced in triangular disposition three identical holes (20), and a smaller hole pierced proximally to them, wherein, screws (5) are inserted in cylindrical holes (20), and that, instead of three cylindrical holes (22) on the thin plate (19), three cylindrical or conical threading holes can be made, and through them are fixed half lens-like headed screws (23), with longer threading part (23') with smaller diameter, and shorter threading part (23") with bigger diameter, or screw with conical thread on its thread. 4. Internal bone fixation device according to the claim 3, characterized in that through elliptical, elongated, thin plate (19), only one or two or more identical cylindrical holes (20) are pierced for screws (5), i.e. one or two cylindrical or conical threading holes (22) for screws (23) or for screw with conical thread on its head. 5. The internal bone fixation device, according to the claim 1, especially applicable on the central parts of bones, i.e. on the long bone shaft, such as fracture (III), for connecting the bone fragments (24, 25), characterized in that shaft internal connecting rod (26) is made up of strait, or slightly bended round rod that has, near to its rounded end pierced vertical, cylindrical hole (27) with conical widening (28), coaxially made on its upper side, for receiving a screw (29) with spherical head and arrow-shaped tip (29'), that the other end of connecting rod (26) is made up as flat, thin part (9), with rounded tip (12), and longitudinal slot (11), to accept screw (4), and that on the connecting rod (26) are pulled clamps (2), arranged in pairs on bone fragments (24) and (25), above fracture (III) and beneath it, wherein, clamps (2) are fixed by means of screws (3) screwed in bone fragments (24, 25), whereby between the clamp (2) and the head (3') of the screw (3) can be inserted biodegradable ring. 6. Internal bone fixation device, according to the claim 1, specially made as epiphyso-metaphyseal bone fixation device, characterized in that it has connecting rod (30) with cylindrical, rod-like part (7) extended continually into elliptical, elongated, thin plate (31), with, at least, one and maximum several cylindrical holes (32), in triangular or other disposition, wherein, the thin plate (31) is parallel and positioned slightly outwards for the distance of the thickness of the wall of the clamp (13), in relation to the cylindrical rod-like part (7), that on diaphyseal end of the connecting rod (30) is made flat, thin part (9), with longitudinal slot (11) and rounded tip (12), and that the cylindrical, rod-like part (7) of the connecting rod (30) can be slightly bended. 7. Internal bone fixation device, according to the claims 1, 3 and 6, especially used as a telescopic internal fixation device, characterized in that the end of the pipe-like part (33A) of the connecting rod (33) is extending continually into a flat, thin part (31) or into thin plate (19), whereas the end of the internal cylindrical, rod-like part (33B) is continually extended into a widened and thick plate (8) or the thin plate (31), that at the middle of the cut (34), and on the outer pipe-like part (33A) is fixed clamp (2) with screw (3), and in order to prevent rotation of rod-like part (33B) inside the pipe-like part (33A), one anti rotation pin (33C) is fixed to the rod-like part (33B). 8. Internal bone fixation device, according to the claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, especially used as an internal fixation device with telescopic insert, characterized in that diaphyseal end of connecting rods (1, 18, 26, 30) can be of different shapes with cross sections such as triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal octagonal, star-like, cylindrical with or without one or two longitudinal groves or prominences, as well as the other regular or irregular shapes on cross section, and that inner surface (38) of the pipe-like ending (39) of the insert (40) must be provided with adequate hole for telescoping connection, whereby, the opposite end of the insert is extended continuously into elliptic, "T" or other shape thin plate (41), which can be bended according to the bone shape and with at list one hole (42) and maximum several holes with or without threads inside the holes. 9. Internal bone fixation device, according to the claims from 1 to 7, characterized in that diaphyseal end of connecting rods (1, 18, 26, 30) is made as rod-like, toothed ending (35), whereas, the inner surface of the cylindrical ring (13) of the clamp (2a) is made with the adequate inner toothing (36), wherein, clamp (2a) is pulled on the toothed ending (35) of the connecting rods (1,18, 26, 30). 10. Internal bone fixation device according to the claims 8 and 9, characterized in that diaphyseal ends of connecting rods (1, 18, 26, 30) can be of different shapes, with cross sections such as triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, cylindrical with one longitudinal, groove or prominence, cylindrical with two longitudinal, grooves or prominences opposite to each other, as well as the other regular and irregular shapes on cross sections, and that ring (13) of clamp (2a) must be provided with adequate inner hole for connecting.
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