BEAM SHAPING AND PRACTICAL METHODS OF REDUCING LOSS ASSOCIATED WITH MATING EXTERNAL SOURCES AND OPTICS TO THIN SILICON WAVEGUIDES

摘要

A practical realization for achieving and maintaining high-efficiency transfer of light from input and output free-space optics to a high-index waveguide of submicron thickness is described. The required optical elements and methods of fabricating, aligning, and assembling these elements are discussed. Maintaining high coupling efficiency reliably over realistic ranges of device operating parameters is discussed in the context of the preferred embodiments.