| 摘要 |
The biggest bottleneck in the Internet today is caused by the slow speed of roofers, compared to the speeds that are achieved by optic fibers with DWDM (Dense Wa ve Division Multiplexing). Packet switching or something similar to it is neede d not just for better utilization of the lines, but also because it is superior to circuit switching in many ways, such as better scalability as the Internet grows, better handling of traffic congestions, and better routing flexibility. But optical routers are current ly unable to do packet switching except by translating the data to electronic data and then back, which is very inefficient. The present invention solves this problem by optically marking and detecting the packet headers or parts of them, translating at most only the headers or parts of them to electronics for making packet switching decisions, and keeping the rest of the packets in optical delay lines, and solving response-time problems in the roofer, so that the crude optical switches can execute the packet switching decision s at fast bit rates. This solution has very high scalability and becomes even more efficie nt when physical addresses are used. Another optimization described in this inventio n is improving routing efficiency and bandwidth utilization by grouping together identical data packets from the same source going to the same general area with a multiple list of targets connected to each copy of the data and sent together to the general target area. These grouped packets are then preferably broken down into smaller groups by the roofers in the general target area and finally broken down to individual dat a packets for delivering to the final actual destinations. This optimization works best wi th Physical addresses, and can be very useful for example for optimizing the access to very popular sites such as for example Yahoo or CNN, and can be used also for example for more efficiently transferring streaming data, such as for example from Internet radio stations, or Internet TV stations which will probably exist in the next years. Another important optimization is a new architecture and principles for routing based on physical geographical IP addresses (such as for example based on GPS), in a way much more efficient than has been previously discussed in the literature that suggeste d using physical (geographical) addresses. This is preferably based on a hierarchy similar to a hierarchical road system, so that preferably the MAIN roofers (and/or intermediary- level roofers) are preferably also connected directly and preferably with hi gh- bandwidth as peers between each other, without having to go through lower-level router s in order to reach their peers, so that once a higher-level roofer (and especially if it's one of the MAIN roofers) decides to forward a packet (or a group of packets) to a highe r- level peer, preferably the packets don't have to go through lower level roofers. However, conversion from the current architecture to the new one can be done very eas y, as shown in the description below.
|
