| 摘要 |
1,162,737. Surface condensers; defrosting. HULL CORP. 12 Dec., 1967 [16 Dec., 1966], No. 56490/67. Headings F4H and F4S. A vapour condenser for use at sub-atmospheric pressure comprises a tubular condenser unit 30 contained within and spaced from a hollow outer housing defining inner and outer chambers 54, 56. The vapour to be condensed, e.g. water vapour from a freeze drying process, on entering via inlet 70, passes through an apertured tube. 78 which uniformly distributes the vapour over the inner surface of the condenser unit 30, said vapour then passing countercurrently through the outer chamber 56 along the outer surface of the condenser unit 30. The arrangement is such that the vapour condensate is deposited as a layer of ice on both surfaces of the condenser unit and the non-condensable gases e.g. air &c. are withdrawn by a vacuum pump through outlet conduit 74. The condenser unit comprises four arcuate sections (30<SP>1</SP>, Fig. 2), each section comprising a pair of plates 32, each stamped with a plurality of channels and which when welded together define a continuous serpentine passageway 34 between fluid inlet and outlet connections (36, Fig. 3). Refrigerant fluid is supplied to each section through tubing 38 from a common header 58, said fluid being returned through tubing 40 to a header 64 and then via pipe 66 to a refrigerant source (not shown) for recirculation. A viewing window 28 is provided in the front 14 of the outer housing. To remove the layer of ice which has collected on the surface of the condenser unit, the pressure inside the housing is increased to atmospheric and hot water or steam is introduced through one or more conduits 84, the melted ice being drained off through a valve-controlled drain pipe 86.
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