| 摘要 |
The present invention refers to a structural system and the execution method thereof, which allows the shuffling or reinforcement of vehicular or pedestrian bridges. The object of the present is to portion the bridge infrastructure with the additional load capacity without the need of the partial or total demolition of the original supporting system, beams and/or bearing surface and without the addition of structural elements which induce said demolition. Also it prevents the partial or total demolition of the bridge and the reduction of the bridge template, by not requiring increasing the existing sections or adding sections or structural elements under the lower bed of the original bridge. It will be generated a system of anti-gravitational loads of magnitude and predetermined distribution, allowing the original structure to reduce the tributary area that supports and accepts the apparition of actions inverse to the loads that exist upon it. All of this is achieved with the addition of a beam(s) system placed in a specific position at the low bed of the bridge bearing surface and with the application of a jacking system, producing an anti-gravitational effect in it. The principles of resistance of materials which guarantee the induction of the relief loads are: Hook's law, which establishes the proportional relation between load and deformation of a material with compartment in the elastic range; the elasticity module, which determines the gradient and therefore the deformation degree of a material with behavior in the elastic range; the differential equation, of the beam elastics, with which it is possible to define accurately the shaft in any point of the same starting from the flexion effort induced by a determined load state. Also it is achieved to prevent detriment of the original supporting system, because instead of negatively modifying its tensional state, it is relieved by means of loads inverse to the gravitational ones induced by the equipments by whi ch they passed. This minimizes the demolition works and therefore the inoperability time of the bridge. The execution process is thus reduced to develop a detailed structural study of the bridge, doing an adequate application of the system and its components (beam(s) and jacking system), its location and the application of the entrance in respective load.
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