| 摘要 |
Synthesis of halogenated monoorganoxysilanes from halogenoalkylsilanes as intermediates for the production of monoorganoxysilanes functionalized by groups other than halogen. The halogenated monoorganoxysilanes conform to formula (R 1>O)-Si(R 2>)(R 3>)-B-(Hal) m(I); R 1>H, 1 - 4C alkyl or 2 - 8 C alkoxyalkyl; R 2, R 31 - 6C alkyl, 6 - 18C aryl,arylalkyl or alkylaryl(6 - 18C aryl ; 1 - 8C alkyl); m : 1 or 2; B : 1 - 10C alkylene, When m = 1, B is a divalent residue of formula -B 1>-CR 4>H-CR 5>R 6>- : -B 1>-CR 4>-CR 5>R 6>or -(B 2>) a-CR 7>R 8>-CR 9>R 10>-CR 11>R 12>; on condition that one of the radicals R 7>- R 13>is a valence bond; B 1>and B 2>1 - 10C alkylene or a divalent aromatic residue form phenylene (o, m or p)-2 - 8C alkylene, 2 - 8C alkylene-phenylene (o, m or p) or 2 - 8C alkylene-phenylene (o, m o p)-2 - 8C alkylene; a : 0 or 1; R 4>- R 13>H or 1 - 3C alkyl; When m = 2 : B is a trivalent residue of formula -B 1>-CR 4>-CR 5>R 6>-. The preparation comprises the stages: (a) Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-Hal (A)+ R 0>-M-Hal --> Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-R 0>(C) + Hal-M-Ha ; (b) When R 0>= R 01>, either: (C) + H-Hal --> Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B 1>-CR 4>H-CR 5>R 6>-Hal and/or Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B 1>-CR 4>Hal-CR 5>R 6>H ; or (C) + Hal-Hal --> Hal-SI(R 2>R 3>)-B 1>-CR 4>Hal-CR 5>R 6>Hal ; When R 0>= R 02>:- (C) + Hal-Hal or SO 2(Hal) 2--> Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-(B 2>) a-CR 7>R 8>-CR 9>R 10>-CR 11>R 12>Hal and/or Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-(B 2>) a-CR 7>R 8>-CR 9>Hal-CR 11>R 12>R 13>and/or Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-(B 2>) a-CR 7>Hal-CR 9>R 10>-CR 11>R 12>R 13>(in the case where R 13>and/or R 10>and/or R 8>= H); The mixed products obtained can be used in stage (c); (c) either as a mixture or separately isolated; R 0>either R 01>, corresponding to CR 5>R 6>=CR 4>-B 1>-, or R 02>, corresponding to CR 11>R 12>R 13>-CR 9>R 10>-CR 7>R 8>-(B 2>) a(at least one of R 7>- R 1>3 is H) ; and M : an alkali or alkaline earth metal ; Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B-(Hal)M + R 1>OH --> (R 1>O)-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B-(Hal) m+ H-Hal; The symbol Hal is preferably Cl. More preferably, R 0>= R 0>1, and stage (b) is: (C) + H-Hal --> Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B 1>-CR 4>H-CR 5>R 6>-(Hal) and/or Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B 1>-CR 4>Hal-CR 5>R 6>H. Alternatively,in stages (a), (b) and (c), (a) and (b), where m = 1, may be replaced by a' or a'':- a') Hal-Si(Hal) 2-B-Hal + 2R 03>-M-Hal--> Hal-Si(R 03>) 2-B-Hal + 2Hal-M-Hal ; or a'') Hal-Si(Hal)(R 3>)-B-Hal + R 2>-M-Hal --> Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B-Hal + Hal-M-Hal (R 03>corresponds to R 2>and/or R 3>) -or (a), (b) and (c) may be replaced by a1, b1 and c1(m = 1) : a1) Hal-Si(R 2>R 3>)-Hal(A) + 2R 1>OH --> R 1>O-Si(R 2>R 3>)-OR 1>(F) + 2H-Hal b1) R 1>O-Si(R 2>R 3>)OR 1>+ R 0>-M-Hal --> R 1>O-Si(R 2>R 3>)-R 0>(G) + R 1>O-M-Hal c1) Hydrohalogenation of the group R 0>(R 0>1 or R 0>2) of formula (G) to give the group B-Hal, effected by a reactant Hal-Hal and/or SO 2(Hal) 2. Preferred Uses: The silane (I) obtained may be reacted with a nucleophilic agent to produce functionalized organosilanes of general formula R 1>O)-Si(R 2>R 3>)-B-(W) m(II); W : monovalent functional organic group from alkoxyl, acyl, amino(optionally substituted), mercapto, cyano, thiocyanato, oxycyanato, or (organosilyl)organopolythio or mixtures. An alkoxyl may be obtained by the reaction:- (I) + R 20>-O-M' --> (I)-OR 20>+ M'-Hal-; M' : an alkali metal and R 20>is equivalent to R 1>; Similarly, an acyl derivative is obtained by reaction of (I) with M'OCOR 21>; R 21>R 1>, and in addition 2 - 10C alkenyl ; more preferably -OCOR 21>conforms to (meth)acrylate ; -similarly, substituted amino, mercapto, cyano, thiocyanato, oxycyanato and sulfide compounds can be obtained by reaction of (I) with HR 22>R 23>N, S=(NH 2) 2, M'CN, M'R 24>-CN(R 24>= O or S) and M' 2S xrespectively. Compositions containing effective amounts of an alkoxysilane (I) or (II) are claimed. |
