Verfahren zur Herstellung einer phosphorhaltigen Urethanmischung und Verwendung einzelner solcher Urethanmischungen zur Herstellung von flammwidrigen Polyurethanschaumstoffen

摘要

A process for the production of a phosphorus containing polyurethane product comprises reacting together (A) a phosphorus compound having a formula or a mixture thereof, in which n is 1 or 2, each X is R or RO, each Y is R, RO or HO, each R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl radical having one to seven carbon atoms and each R1 is an alkylene radical having seven carbon atoms and (B) an epoxide in such an amount as to provide from 85 to 200% epoxide groups per phosphorus acid group and (C) an organic polyisocyanate. Many reactants are specified and the epoxide may be mono-epoxide, di-epoxide or polyepoxide including epoxidized vegetable oils.ALSO:Phosphorus containing polyurethanes are produced by reacting together (A) a phosphorus compound having a formula in which n is 1 or 2, each radical X is R or RO, each radical Y is R, RO or OH, and in which each R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl radical having one to seven carbon atoms and R1 is an alkylene radical having one to seven carbon atoms; and (B) an epoxide used in an amount sufficient to provide from 85% to 200% epoxide groups with respect to the number of phosphorus acid groups; and (C) an organic polyisocyanate. Prepolymers are produced by reacting either simultaneously with (A), (B) and (C) or with the reaction product of (A), (B) and (C) an active hydrogen containing material (D) comprising (1) a polycarboxylic compound having a carboxyl number from 30 to 950; (2) a polyhydric alcohol having a hydroxyl number from 30 to 950; (3) a hydroxyl containing polymeric material having a hydroxyl number between 30 and 950 and being (a) a polyester comprising the reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol and a polycarboxylic compound, (b) a polyether comprising the reaction product of a monoepoxide and a polyhydric alcohol a polyphenolic compound or a polycarboxylic acid, or (c) mixtures thereof; or (4) mixtures thereof, the proportions of reactants being such to provide at least 200% of reactive isocyanate groups with respect to the total number of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the active hydrogen containing material. Polyurethanes are produced by reacting the prepolymer; or the reaction product of (A), (B) and (C); or (A), (B) and (C) in the above specified proportions with a hydroxyl containing polymeric material as hereinbefore defined in an amount such that 85 to 115% of reactive isocyanate groups are provided with respect to the total number of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups present in the hydroxyl containing polymeric material. By reactive isocyanate groups is meant those groups which do not react with the phosphorus compound and the epoxide. Many reactants are specified and the epoxide (B) may be a mono- or a poly-epoxide and the polyisocyanate (C) may be a reaction product of a monomeric polyisocyanate and a polyol or a polyamine or may be a polyisothiocyanate. Reaction catalysts may be used in producing the polyurethanes such as N,N,-N1,N1-tetramethyl butanediamine - 1,3 triethylamine, N - methylmorpholine, triethanolamine, antimony caprylate, antimony naphthenate, antimonous chloride, dibutyltin dilaurate, trioctyltin oxide, hexabutylditin, tributyltin phosphate and stannic chloride; foaming agents such as halohydrocarbons, tertiary alcohols with strong acids, secondary alcohols or glycols with strong acids, acetaldol, chloral hydrate, polycarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acid anhydrides, dimethylolureas, polymethylolphenols, formic acid and tetrahydroxymethyl-phosphonium chloride; and silicone emulsifiers may also be present during the production of the polyurethanes. Uses: the prepolymers are used in the preparation of foams, coatings, adhesive and castings. Specification 873,975 is referred to.