| 摘要 |
<p>Reactant(s) are converted to a desired end product by: (a) heating a reactant stream as it flows axially through an injection line thus thoroughly mixing the reactant stream with a heating gas; and (b) passing the thoroughly mixed reactant stream axially through a reaction zone of the axial reactor. Conversion of reactant(s) to a desired end product comprises: (a) introducing a reactant stream at one end of an axial reactor; (b) heating the reactant stream as it flows axially through an injection line having a reduced diameter with respect to the axial reactor to produce turbulent flow and thus thoroughly mix the reactant stream with a heating gas; and (c) passing the thoroughly mixed reactant stream axially through a reaction zone of the axial reactor. The reaction zone is maintained at a uniform temperature over its length. The axial reactor is operated under conditions to effect heating of the reactant stream to a selected reaction temperature at which a desired product is produced at a location adjacent the outlet end of the axial reactor. An independent claim is also included for a fast quenching apparatus for thermal conversion of reactants in a thermodynamically stable high temperature gaseous stream to a desired end product in the form of a gas or ultrafine solid particles, comprising: (i) a multi-port injector for introducing a reactant stream at or upstream from an inlet end of an axial reactor; (ii) plasma generating torch, lasers, or flames for producing a hot gaseous stream upstream from the inlet end of the axial reactor; (iii) an injection line (23) for passing the reactant stream and the hot gaseous stream through an injection line having a reduced diameter to produce turbulent flow and thus thoroughly mix the reactant stream with the hot gaseous stream; and (iv) an insulating layer for minimizing radial temperature gradients within the axial reactor.</p> |
