Bioactive electrodes for implantation into existing muscles are provided that enhance the functioning of the muscles. The electrodes may be coated with myogenic cells and may be transplanted as a living package, surrounded by a biologically degradable covering, into a weak muscle. Electrode surfaces may be coated with biologically active substances such as scaffold proteins that encourage migration and binding of myogenic cells and precursors to neurons. An electrode may slowly release trophic factors and may pre-train associated myogenic cells and/or nerve cell precursors by repeated electrical stimulation of the electrode in vitro in the presence of the cells. By transplanting myogenic cells along with the electrode, a new and powerful tool for muscle boosting, repair or augmentation is provided.
