LOW-MOLECULAR AND HIGH-MOLECULAR EMULSIFIERS, PARTICULARLY BASED ON POLYISOBUTYLENE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF

摘要

Low molecular weight and high molecular weight two-block emulsifiers, in particular based on polyisobutylene, of the formula (Ia) or (Ib) and mixtures thereof where Lis a polyisobutylenyl group having a number average molecular weight Mn of from 300 to 1 000 and Lis a polyisobutylenyl group having a number average molecular weight Mn of from 2 000 to 20 000, -A- is -O-, -N(H) or -N(R<1>)-, M<+> is H<+> or an alkali metal ion, 0.5 alkaline earth metal ion or NH4<+>, where one or more H in NH4<+> may be replaced by alkyl, R is a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon radical which carries at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of OH, NH2 and NH3<+> and, if required, one or more C(O)H groups and, if required, contains one or more nonneighboring -O- and/or secondary amines and/or tertiary amines, where one or more H in the NH2- or NH3<+> groups may be replaced by alkyl, and R<1 >is a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon radical which, if required, carries one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of OH, NH2, NH3<+> and C(O)H and, if required, contains one or more nonneighboring -O- and/or secondary amines and/or tertiary amines, and where one or more H in the NH2- or NH3<+> groups may be replaced by alkyl, and the proportion of A-R in the compound of the formula (Ia) or (Ib) is at least 20% by weight, are described.